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Gabriele Allegra
Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.
Gabriele Maria Allegra (San Giovanni la Punta, 16
dicembre 1907
– Hong
Kong, 26 gennaio 1976) è stato un presbitero,
francescano
e biblista italiano.
IndiceBiografiaPur essendo nato nel dicembre 1907, venne registrato all'anagrafe il 2 gennaio 1908.A 11 anni entrò tra i frati minori nel convento di San Biagio di Acireale. Completati gli studi, si recò a Roma per prepararsi alla vita missionaria in Cina, ove tradusse la Bibbia in cinese con l'aiuto del vescovo Raffaelangelo Palazzi. Dedicò gran parte della sua esistenza all'attività di diffusione dei principi cristiani nell'Estremo oriente. Dal 1939 al 1944 lavorò alacremente alla traduzione dell'Antico Testamento in lingua cinese. Fondò a Pechino, nel 1945, uno studio biblico, annesso alla locale Università cattolica, che poi fu costretto a chiudere nel 1948 con l'avanzata dell'esercito di Mao. Si trasferì allora definitivamente ad Hong Kong nel 1950. Qui continuò la traduzione delle parti restanti dell'Antico Testamento e iniziò la traduzione del Nuovo Testamento. La traduzione dell'intera Bibbia fu ultimata con l'aiuto di diversi collaboratori nel 1961. Pubblicò in lingua cinese anche la traduzione dei più noti documenti pontifici di Leone XIII e Paolo VI. Il suo amore per la Cina si espresse pure nel servizio ai lebbrosi, nella venerazione e conservazione delle reliquie dei santi martiri in Cina, come nel caso di sant'Antonino Fantosati. Padre Allegra si spense ad Hong Kong il 26 gennaio 1976 a causa di un aggravamento delle condizioni di salute generale. BeatificazioneNel 1984 il vescovo di Hong Kong John Wu promosse la causa di beatificazione[1]. Nel 1994, conclusasi positivamente la fase diocesana del processo di beatificazione, con il riconoscimento delle sue virtù eroiche, è stato proclamato venerabile. Il 23 aprile 2002, alla presenza di Giovanni Paolo II, è stato promulgato il decreto riguardante un miracolo attribuito all'intercessione di Gabriele Maria Allegra. Il 29 settembre 2012 è stato beatificato ad Acireale, presso la basilica cattedrale di Maria SS. Annunziata[2]. In occasione della beatificazione, è stato composto un Inno per coro e organo, dal titolo Inno al Beato Gabriele (con testo di Orazio Greco e musica di Antonio Macrì). Negli anni '90 Allegra restituisce la voce ad una donna di San Giovanni la Punta, le cui prime parole furono "Ti Ringrazie Allegre".Note
Bibliografia
Altri progetti
Collegamenti esterni
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wikipédia à jour au 13 octobre 2016
Gabriele Allegra
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Blessed Gabriele Allegra, O.F.M.
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Biblical Scholar
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Born
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Died
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Venerated in
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29 September 2012, Catania, Sicily, Italy,
by Cardinal Angelo
Amato, S.D.B.,
representing Pope Benedict XVI
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Contents
- 1 Life
- 2 Mission to China
- 3 The Bible in Chinese
- 4 His life and writings
- 4.1 Work to the end
- 4.2 Duns Scotus
- 4.3 Maria Valtorta
- 4.4 Marian Movement of Priests
- 4.5 Books and memoirs
- 5 His canonization process
- 6 Notes
- 7 Sources
- 8 External links
Life
Giovanni Stefano Allegra was born the eldest of eight children, in San Giovanni la Punta in the province of Catania, Italy. He entered the Franciscan minor seminary at S. Biagio in Acireale in 1918, taking the name "Gabiele Maria", and the novitiate in Bronte in 1923. He then studied at the Franciscan International College of St. Anthony in Rome as of 1926, now known as the Pontifical University Antonianum.[2]The future course of his life was determined in 1928 when he attended the celebrations of the 6th centenary of another Franciscan, Giovanni di Monte Corvino, who had attempted a first translation of the Bible in Beijing in the 14th century. On that day, at the age of 21, Allegra was inspired to translate the Bible into Chinese; a task that took the next 40 years of his life. He was ordained a priest in 1930 and soon thereafter sailed for mainland China.[2]
Mission to China
Young Allegra
(left) as he 1st arrived in China
Allegra arrived at the mission in
Hunan, southern China, in July
1931 and started to learn Chinese. With the help of his Chinese teacher he
prepared a first draft of the translation of the Bible around 1937.
He was fatigued from the translation effort and had to return to Italy for three
years where he continued his studies in biblical languages and biblical
archaeology.[2]In 1940 he left Italy again and sailed from San Francisco for Japan on his way to China. In Kobe, he met the French Jesuit priest Teilhard de Chardin for the first time. He attempted to return to Hunan again, but the Second Sino-Japanese War had already started and he was forced to go further north to Beijing instead. This had an unfortunate side-effect in that during his trip through the Japanese-occupied territories, he lost more than half of the translated text during the war events.[3]
Because Allegra was an Italian citizen, and the chaplain to the Italian Embassy, the Japanese occupiers of China did not intern him for long, and he could continue his translation work. As of 1942, he became actively involved in assisting other missionaries to survive their internment in the Japanese internment camp at Weihsien, in northern China, and managed to obtain the release of several prisoners.
The Bible in Chinese
Chinese depiction of Jesus in Mark:10,
Beijing,
1879.
Allegra organized a team of
Chinese Franciscan friars to work with him on the translation of the Bible and
inaugurated the Studium Biblicum Franciscanum in Beijing in 1945,
dedicating it to the Blessed John
Duns Scotus. But as the Chinese
Civil War ended, the Chinese Communist Party took over China and
Allegra and his team had to leave for Kowloon, Hong Kong
in 1948.[3]In 1948 the first three volumes of the Old Testament were published by the Studium Biblicum Franciscanum in Chinese and over the next 12 years eight more volumes with explanatory notes were produced by the team, including the New Testament. In 1954 along with four Chinese friars he went to the Studium Biblicum in Jerusalem to study original biblical texts for about a year. He lived mostly in Hong Kong thereafter, and he organized the 1st Ecumenical Bible Exhibition in Hong Kong in 1965.
Christmas day in 1968 witnessed the culmination of his 40-year effort with the first publication of the one-volume Chinese Bible.[4] In 1975 the Chinese Bible Dictionary was published.
Allegra died in Hong Kong on 26 January 1976.
His life and writings
His archived letters show his determination to translate the Bible into Chinese and his fascination with the study of scripture. Yet, at times his letters show the softer side of a man who missed the sound of church bells in Rome. In a letter to a Father Margiotti he once wrote, "I would like for a single instant to find myself in Rome ... as when the bells once used to be loosed on Holy Saturday morning!"[citation needed]Nonetheless he chose to work in the Orient to the end of his life.
Work to the end
Gabriele Allegra
with lepers on Macau
He was known for working too
hard, often resulting in the deterioration of his health. He used to say,
"The most enviable fate for a Franciscan who doesn't obtain the grace of
martyrdom, is to die while he is working".[citation needed]In another letter Allegra wrote: "The work upon the Bible is hard and intense, but I must work because if I stop, I will never get up again."[citation needed]
Although the translation of the Bible was the main focus of Allegra's work, and he has usually been viewed as primarily a Scripture scholar, he took time to help the poor and the sick, particularly the lepers. He frequently visited his "beloved lepers" in Macau, spending many of the holidays with them.
In Allegra's later years he suffered severely from heart trouble and high blood pressure. A rest and recovery period was recommended in Italy, but he chose to return to the Studium Biblicum in Hong Kong to work to the end. He wrote: "Everybody thinks that I'm sick: I can still work, so let's go on! The ideal is worth more than life!"[citation needed]
Duns Scotus
Although Allegra's main focus was the translation of the Bible, he was also well read on other biblical and philosophical matters. He was an expert on the philosophy of Blessed Duns Scotus and introduced Teilhard de Chardin to some aspects of it that shaped de Chardin's thoughts on the subject. His expertise on that topic was internationally respected and Oxford University invited him to give the 700th centenary lecture on Duns Scotus.Maria Valtorta
With the publication of the Chinese Bible in 1968, Allegra found time to focus on his other interests, which included the detailed study and analysis of the book The Poem of the Man God by the Italian writer and mystic Maria Valtorta, on the life of Christ.Some of Allegra's most notable statements concerning the Poem of the Man-God reveal his ardent devotion to this work:
"I assure you that The Poem of the Man-God immensely surpasses
whatever descriptions — I do not say of mine, because I do not know how to
write — but of any other writer... I hold that the Work demands a supernatural
origin. ...I find in her doctrine: and doctrine such as is sure; it embraces
almost all fields of revelation. ...Gifts of nature and mystical gifts
harmoniously joined explain this masterwork of Italian religious literature,
and perhaps I should say [a masterwork] of the world's Christian
literature."[5]
Marian Movement of Priests
Allegra was an active member of the Marian Movement of Priests and completed the translation of the writings of Father Stefano Gobbi into Chinese, shortly before he died.[citation needed]Books and memoirs
Allegra wrote two books, one on the primacy of Christ, the other on the Virgin Mary's Immaculate Heart. He started writing his memoirs in 1975, but died while working on them in Hong Kong in 1976.The Church of San Biaggio in Acireale, where he had entered the Franciscan seminary holds some of his relics .[6]
His canonization process
From his early days, Allegra was viewed as a favorite son of the Catholic Church. Pope Pius XII said of him:
devotion to
Allegra in the Roman Catholic Cathedral of Hong Kong
"Tell this young priest that he has my special blessing and that I
will pray for him every day. He will meet with many difficulties, but let him
not lose courage. Nothing is impossible for him who prays, wills and studies. I
shall not live to see this work completed, but I shall pray for him in
heaven".[7][8]
The cause for Allegra's canonization
was started in 1984 by Bishop John Wu in Hong Kong, 8
years after his death. He was declared Venerable by
the Holy See
in 1994, and the promulgation of decree of one miracle attributed to Fr.
Allegra, required to conclude the beatification process, was approved in 2002.[9]
His decree of beatification was promulgated by the Holy See on that
same day, but the beatification ceremony, which was set for October 26 of that
year, was postponed. However, on the feast of the Assumption in 2012, the Roman
Curia announced through the Sicilian Franciscan Holy
Name Province,
that Allegra would be beatified on September 29, 2012, at the Cathedral of
Arcireale, Catania
in Sicilia.[10]
He is, thus far, the only biblical scholar of the 20th century who has been
beatified.In 2009 a web cast in English and Chinese was named after Allegra.[11]
Notes
1.
Studium Biblicum Franciscanum
Biography [1]
4.
"Centenary of
the birth of Venerable Gabriele Allegra", Frati Minori di Sicilia, 22
December 2007
Sources
- Gabriele Maria Allegra and P. Teilhard de Chardin, "My conversations with Teilhard de Chardin on the Primacy of Christ": ISBN 978-0-8199-0429-4
- Gabriele Maria Allegra, "Mary's Immaculate Heart: A way to God" ISBN 0-8199-0875-4
- Catholic Archives
- Studium Biblicum Franciscanum Hong Kong
- Gabriele Allegra on Maria Valtorta
- Letters of Gabriele Allegra
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last modified on 13 October 2016, at 00:54
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